基于凸闭包集的不规则三角网算法研究与实现

不规则三角网是影响土石方量计算的关键问题之一，虽然目前已有大量研究人员对Delaunay三角网进行优化，但仍然缺少对三角网生成速率和计算精度的综合研究。针对此问题，基于VB.NET平台的点、边以及三角形的结构化数据结构设计快速生成凸闭包集形成Delaunay三角网，通过四边形空圆特性以及对角线最短原则对构网结果进行检验和优化。试验计算表明，该算法的计算结果与经典DTM法、方格网法的土方量计算相对误差均在0.30%以内。该方法不仅具有较高的组网效率，并能保持较好的计算精度。     

两相区配分时间对IQ&P钢组织与性能的影响

以含Cu低碳钢为研究对象,利用SEM、EPMA和拉伸试验研究了两相区配分时间对其组织演变、元素配分以及经IQ&P处理后力学性能的影响,并利用Dictra软件对元素配分行为进行了动力学计算。结果表明,IQ处理后试验钢中的块状马氏体形成于原铁素体区域;随两相区配分时间延长,粒状马氏体数量减少,板条状马氏体之间的间距减小。检测和计算结果的对比显示,C、Mn、Cu 3种元素的相对配分速率与计算结果一致,但实际配分速率低于各自的计算结果。随两相区配分时间延长,经IQ&P处理后试验钢的抗拉强度先增加后减小,而伸长率持续减小;在600 s时达到较好的强塑性匹配,强塑积为16 963.24 MPa·%。     

Comparative analysis of formaldehyde and toluene sorption on indoor floorings and consequence on Indoor Air Quality

Indoor surfaces may be adsorptive sinks with the potential to change Indoor Air Quality. To estimate this effect, the sorption parameters of formaldehyde and toluene were assessed on five floorings by an experimental method using solid-phase microextraction in an airtight emission cell. Adsorption rate constants ranged from 0.003 to 0.075 m·h⁻¹, desorption rate constants from 0.019 to 0.51 h⁻¹, and the partition coefficient from 0.005 to 3.9 m, and these parameters vary greatly from one volatile organic compound/material couple to another indicating contrasted sorption behaviors. A rubber was identified as a sink of formaldehyde characterized by a very low desorption constant close to 0. For these sorbent floorings identified, the adsorption rates of formaldehyde are from 2 to 4 times higher than those of toluene. Two models were used to evaluate the sink effects of floorings on indoor pollutant concentrations in one room from different realistic conditions. The scenarios tested came to the conclusion that the formaldehyde sorption on one rubber (identified as a sink) has a maximum contribution from 15% to 21% for the conditions of low air exchange rate. For other floorings, the sorption has a minor contribution less than or equal to 5%, regardless of the air exchange rate.     

测量二次电子空间分布特征矩阵法的有效性分析

为了准确测量不同材料在实际环境中的二次电子空间分布，设计了一种新型的二次电子发射空间分布测量结构，给出了实验测量原理，用求解特征矩阵的方法对实验结果进行处理，得到了所需的二次电子空间分布。通过模拟计算对该测量方法进行了校验，模拟结果与假设二次电子空间分布函数相吻合，表明该测量方法可靠、测量精度高，为后续样机研制奠定了理论基础。     

无人机在露天矿方量计算中的应用

随着社会的不断发展,人们越来越重视露天矿的测绘工作。尤其是最近几年,无人机技术不断成熟,工程技术人员可以利用无人机进行露天矿方量计算,从而保证勘测工作的准确性与高效性。本文主要围绕无人机技术的相关概述进行分析,探讨利用无人机进行露天矿方量计算的有效途径,从而为相关技术人员提供一定的理论参考。     

Calculation of the Characteristics of Salient‐Pole Synchronous Machines Assisted by Permanent Magnets on the Basis of the Operating Principle

In this study we investigate a method for accurately calculating the characteristics of salient‐pole synchronous machines assisted by permanent magnets. First, the operating principle of the machines is investigated by using both finite element analysis and a simple magnetic circuit. Then, a theoretical representation of the assist effect on the permanent magnets is derived based on the magnetic circuit. Finally, the measured and calculated results are compared in order to confirm the validity of the proposed calculation method. We show that the load characteristics of the proposed machine can be accurately estimated from the no‐load and short‐circuit characteristics of the conventional machine without permanent magnets, and the size and magnetization of the inserted permanent magnets.     

Experimental and numerical study on compressive performance of perforated brick masonry after fire exposure

This paper discusses the compressive performance of perforated brick masonry after fire exposure. Compressive strength tests of the mortar, clay perforated brick, and perforated brick masonry specimens were performed in accordance with ISO834 fire tests of different durations. The temperature distribution of the masonry materials and specimens was simulated using the finite element software ABAQUS, with the thermal parameters of masonry materials recommended by European standard Eurocode 6 and related literature. The compressive strength reduction factors of mortar and clay perforated brick exposed to different fire durations were calculated via the layered method suggested by European standard Eurocode 1. In addition, the compressive strength reduction factors after cooldown were obtained from the experimental data of the masonry materials, and by considering further reductions in the compressive strength after cooling from high temperatures. Experimental data of the masonry specimens were compared with the numerical results obtained using the reduction factors proposed in this work. The comparison revealed an overall acceptable approximation. Thus, the method presented in this paper can be used to evaluate the residual capacity of masonry structures after fire.     

高温氢工质热物理性质计算分析

氢工质在新能源与动力、航天推进、化工材料等领域有着广泛应用。通过开展高温氢工质热力学与输运性质研究，建立了原子态氢、分子态氢、热解平衡态氢的热物理性质计算模型，开发了热物性计算程序Prop_H_H2，适用范围为温度100~3 500 K、压力104~5×107 Pa 。验证表明，Prop_H_H2在适用范围内计算氢工质的物性参数合理可靠，在温度200~3 000 K、压力104~107 Pa范围内，程序预测值更加准确，相对偏差在±5%左右。本研究可为氢工质相关的航天推进、应用物理学、能源动力等行业的科研和应用提供支持借鉴。     

Research on resistance characteristics of secondary air damper and nozzle in pulverized coal boiler

This article provides an industrial application method for monitoring and regulating the secondary air through the burner nozzle of a tangentially fired boiler. A geometric model from the inlet of the damper to the burner nozzle was established, which divides the grid for numerical calculation of the flow field to get the drag coefficients of the nozzle and damper under different opening ratios of the damper. In the range of 20–70% opening, the damper has perfect regulation performance, which has the main resistance comparing with that of nozzle. The disc-type damper has a slightly larger resistance than that of the splayed one. A precise corresponding function relationship between the opening ratio and the gas flow rate was established, and base on which, an exact control method on the secondary air damper was proposed. The result can apply to the intelligent transformation of thermal power plants to save energy and reduce consumption.     

Mechanism of heterogeneous distribution of Cr-containing dispersoids in DC casting 7475 aluminum alloy

The actual effective partition coefficients of Mg and Cr in a cross-section of a dendrite arm in a direct-chill (DC)-casting ingot of 7475 aluminum alloy are obtained. Meanwhile, by analyzing the microstructure, the mechanism of the heterogeneous distribution of E (Al₁₈Mg₃Cr₂) dispersoids in this DC ingot is revealed. The results show that the actual effective partition coefficients of Mg and Cr are 0.650 and 1.392, respectively, and they describe the heterogeneous distributions of Mg and Cr along the direction of radius of the cross-section of the dendrite arm of the alloy. After homogenization treatment at 470 °C for 24 h, Mg diffuses uniformly, but Cr hardly diffuses. Both the concentrations of Mg and Cr and the sites of heterogeneous nucleation in the alloy are the determinants of the formation of E dispersoids simultaneously. The heat treatment at 250 °C for 72 h provides a large number of the sites of heterogeneous nucleation of the formation of fine E dispersoids that will be formed in the center of the cross-section during the subsequent heat treatment at higher temperature.